فصلنامه ابتکار و خلاقیت در علوم انسانی
سال نهم شماره 33 (تابستان 1398)

In today's competitive world, the only sustainable competitive advantage of any organization, its human resources and the role of all of them in the success of the organization is through empowerment, innovative behavior and creativity of the staff. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine the role of mediating the empowerment of employees in the relationship between innovative behavior and creativity in Tehran's education organization.

This research is a descriptive-correlational one. The statistical population of this research is the staff of the Tehran Education Directorate. The statistical sample of this study was Morgan table and 132 subjects were selected randomly. In this study, Springer Empowerment Inventory, Innovative Counter Behavior, and Randsip's Organizational Creativity were used for data collection. In order to analyze the data, structural equation modeling has been used.

Findings showed that empowerment of employees in the relationship between innovative behavior and their creativity is not mediated. Innovative behavior affects employees' creativity. Innovative behavior does not affect employee empowerment. Employee empowerment affects their creativity.

According to research findings, it can be said that if the conditions of innovative behaviors and innovations in the organization are not provided for the employees, although the employees are capable or capable of being built, creativity and creative behaviors can not be promoted.

The purpose of this study was to provide a model for creativity development for teachers of the first elementary school in Tehran. To this end, the required data was collected based on the combination of exploratory (qualitative and quantitative) research approaches in two sections of qualitative (based on data base) and quantitative (based on cross-sectional survey method). In the qualitative field of research, experts and academic experts (university professors in the field of management) were selected through purposive sampling of snowball type. Data were collected using a semi-structured interview. The data collection in the 20th interview resulted in theoretical saturation of the data and during this phase the interviews were stopped. The results of coding based on the data base method led to the failure of 120 open source codes, 19 pivot codes and 6 selected individual, organizational, educational, environmental, socio-cultural and ethical codes. The population under study in the quantitative section was 619 people, including all teachers, managers and experts in the first elementary school of education in Tehran with a master's degree in humanities. Based on the fact that the variance of society was not available, Morgan and Krejcy's tables were used to determine the sample size of 273 people. Data analysis in the quantitative section showed that chi-square (), goodness of fitness, well-balanced fit index, root mean error and approximate squares of the qualitative section of the research were confirmed.

This research aims to study the modeling academic achievement based on the age of entering the school by mediating spiritual intelligence, social skills and creativity in students.

method of research type was correlation research based on structural equation modeling technique, in particular regression equations. In this study, for determining the sample size according to the number of variables observed and assigning a coefficient of 15 for each variables, and taking into account the probability of having incomplete questionnaires,250 were selected as sample size. The statistical population of this study was 1472 students of all 10th grade elementary school students of Urmia high school in the academic year of 2017-2018.Data collection tools were used, King’s Spiritual Intelligence Scale, Inderbitzen&Fooster Social Skills Scale, and Torrance Creativity Scale, The grade score was considered as academic achievement.

The findings showed that the research model was confirmed and, in general, 0.26 of academic achievement can be explained by the age of entry into the school, the spiritual intelligence, social skills and creativity. Also, entering the school with the mediation of spiritual intelligence, social skills and creativity showed an indirect effect on academic achievement.

The results of this study emphasized the necessity of the role of the age of entry into the school, as well as the role of moderating variable of spiritual intelligence, social skills and creativity by students, which could provide applied ideas to improve the psychological state to counselors and learners.

Creativity, as a valuable educational goal, is never obtained in the vacuum, but its acquisition and occurrence in different areas requires the prediction of a set of substrates and conditions. Thus the purpose of this research was the pathology of development of student’s creativity in the Iranian educational system.

The research in terms of methodology is survey-descriptive. The population of this study included all schools teachers and principals in secondary first period at Kashan city were 400 in the academic year 2015-2016. In this study, stratified cluster random sampling method was used. The sample size was estimated based on Cochran formula 196 sample and a questionnaire distributed among 220 teachers and principals were distributed and 196 valid questionnaires based on statistical analysis was performed. Measurement tool was a research-made questionnaire in 30 response close item on base five- scale Likert (very high until very low) and 2 respons open item about barriers and solutions for creativity growth. The questionnaire validity done as content and construct. Reliability of the questionnaire through Cronbach's alpha coefficient obtained equal to 0.91. Data analysis done in two level descriptive and inferential.

The findings showed that in the extent of the effect of creativity growth factors, the average of all components was higher than the average of three, and with 95% confidence, each of the six components had a significant effect on the creativity of the students.

According to the findings, content and learning experiences, learning strategies, evaluation methods, educational facilities and facilities, communication patterns and educational system structure are significantly effective in students' creativity. The study also identified barriers such as textbooks, teachers, school facilities, time, structural problems, assessment methods, educational environment and family had most role.

the main purpose is analyzing the indices and factors of creative tourism in rusty contexture of Joybare in Isfahan.

the method of the study is descriptive analytic and the tool is a researcher-made questionnaire with 55 general and special questions. The statistic population was inhabitants of Joybare in Isfahan about 11363 people. The sample size was calculated 156 people by Sample Power software. Validity was face validity and reliability was 0.923 by Alpha Cronbach’s coefficient. Analytic and inferential analyses have been performed by SPSS, one sample T-test, ANOVA, LSD, Duncan, and friedman tests.

The results of t-test shows that status of factors of cooperation, service and welfare facilities, reconstruction and mending, cultural attractions and historical monuments have been less than the mean average of the test. Informational factors, advertising, creativity, and value creation have been in half average status in tourism.

the results of ANOVA test with significant level of 0.009 demonstrate inequality of the average of the status of factors of development of creative tourism. For confirmation of the difference of the effect of the investigated factors; creativity and value creation in tourism along with notifying and advertising have been put in a separate group. In the results of the rating the status of the indices of creative tourism by friedman test, the highest level of average at first step is related to the variables of creativity and value creation and next to reconstruction and mending.

The purpose of the present study is to predict creativity according to resilience, efficacy, adjusted perfectionism, maladjusted perfectionism, parents’ education, family members and close relatives’ creative activities, via motivation to progress among male students at Urmia, Iran.

The Statistical method of this research is path analysis, the sampling method is multi-step random sampling, and the sample size is 300 high school students in the second and third grades in mathematics, empirical science, and human science. For measuring the variables, the Abidi’s questionnaire of creativity, Hermens’s questionnaire of motivation to progress, Hil’s questionnaire of perfectionism, Shere’s questionnaire of self-efficacy, Kobasa’s questionnaire of resilience, questionnaire of parental education and creative activities of family members and close relatives were used.

The result of the study showed that resilience, self-efficacy and, adjusted and maladjusted perfectionism have a significant direct relationship with creativity, and an indirect relationship with creativity via motivation to progress as a mediator variable. It also showed that parents’ education and creative activities of family members and close relatives have a significant direct relationship with creativity , but there is no significant relationship between the above variables and motivation to progress.

motivation to progress as a mediator variable affects the relationship among resilience, self-efficacy motivation to progress and perfectionism with creativity. Key words: Creativity, motivation to progress, perfectionism, self-efficacy, resilience, parental education, the creative activities of family members and close relatives

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between social intelligence and self-efficacy with creative problem solving style of girl students in Ardebil city.

This study examined the relationship between social intelligence and self – efficacy with creative problem solving style of girl students in Ardabil city. The research design was descriptive and correlational. The study population research included all students high school second period in Ardabil (6745 patients) were enrolled in the academic year 94-95, was included. Sample was selected 380 individuals based on kerjessy and Morgan table by cluster random sampling method. The data gathering tool was a problem solving style questionnaire, a self-efficacy questionnaire and Trumsu's social intelligence scale. For data were analyzed using SPSS 20 software, Pearson correlation coefficient and multiple regression tests.

The test results show that a significant positive relationship between social intelligence and self - efficacy with creative problem solving style. Regression analysis results showed that 9% of the total variance of creative problem solving style is predicted by social intelligence and self-efficacy variables. Self-efficacy can significantly predict the problem of creative problem solving.

Therefore, it can be concluded that social intelligence and self-efficacy are the effective and related variables of the creative problem solving.

Today, our society needs Innovative and creative people who build the future more than ever.

This study aimed to investigate the impact of family performance and intelligence beliefs on creativity among students.

The research method was descriptive and survey. The study population included all 785 Secondary school students in Babol, western part of Bandpay in 2016-2017 academic years. 260 students were selected based on Cochran formula by classified sampling based on grade. Standard questionnaires of family performance (FAD, 1980), intelligence Beliefs (Dupeyrat & Marian, 2005) and creativity (Torrance, 1979) that their validity and reliability have been confirmed, were used. Data were analyzed using K-S, regression and multiple regressions.

Findings indicate a positive and significant effect of family performance on creativity (R2= 0.15, β= 0.39) and intelligence beliefs on creativity (R2= 0.27, β= 0.52) and family performance on intelligence beliefs (R2= 0.03, β= 0.18). Based on the results of the multivariate regression analysis, the value of R2 showed that about 35% of the changes in the student's score of creativity were explained by family performance and intelligence beliefs. Intelligence beliefs (with β =0.460) had the highest standardized regression coefficient effect on the creativity

Results showed that the effect of family performance and intelligence beliefs on creativity and family performance on intelligence beliefs was significant. Also, in order to enhance the creativity of students, we must focus on two important issues family performance and intelligence beliefs.

Innovation and Creativity in the 21st Century Police Changes Abstract

Police perspective in the mid- 21st century has tremendously ‎changed and has created dreams police have in their roles in the society and it ‎might require that these dreams change so that it is to the benefit of both police ‎and the society. The police we know today have faced a difficult route and ‎possess polycentric and proliferating origins. Therefore; our environment is ‎changing rapidly. Therefore; the future police chiefs will encounter important ‎choices every day.‎

The present article intends to show what changes have innovation and ‎creativity made in the 21st century policing and that whether this innovation has ‎been effective in police mission and if police can directly benefit from innovative ‎knowledge or benefit from the existing technology.‎ Research

The method used in this article is of applied type in terms of ‎nature and descriptive-analytical type, as well.‎

In the mid twenty century, policing transformed abruptly. “A silent ‎revolution” has occurred. Non-governmental police increasingly developed and ‎police monopoly over policing was quickly fading. The wave that seemed non-‎ending and appeared to move in one direction, changed direction abruptly and ‎subsided. The reconstruction- based evidence of this polycentric policing was the ‎growth of private security which is now larger than governmental policing (in ‎terms of staff) in most parts of the world.‎

In particular, policing is a job related to “people and information”. ‎Therefore; police leaders and chiefs in all countries need to be aware of trends. In ‎addition, there is a need to understand how information is collected, exchanged ‎and used and the consequences of these activities should be investigated, as well.‎ Key Words: Innovation, Creativity, Change, Police, Challenge